Explosive-engine.



H. E. NORRIS.

BXPLOSIVE ENGINE. APPLIOATION FILED DBO. 16; 1911. 1,070,? 1 9.1 Patented Aug; 19, 1913.

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lxhweoo w wrrzls H. E. NORRIS.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

I APPLIOATION FILED DEO.16, 1911. 1 970,71 9, I Patented Aug. 19, 1913.

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I GUM W21 UNITED STATE HARRY E. NORRIS, 0F WORTHINGTON, OHIO.

EXPLOSIVE-ENGINE.

Application filed December 16, 1911.

To alt whom it may concern Be it known that I, HARRY E. Noruns, a citizen of the United States, residing at lVorthington, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Explosive-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to new and useful improvements in explosive engines and has for its object to construct a device of this character with two piston heads, one of which is movable and the other immovable, producing between the movable piston head and the cylinder head, a combustion chamber and between said movable piston head I and the immovable or auxiliary piston head,

a fuel or supply chamber, said supply chamber first receiving the charge where it will be heated and in becoming heated will cool the piston heads. From the fuel chamber it is forced into the combustion chamber where it is ignited to operate the movable piston head, the burned gases being forced from the combustion chamber by the succeeding charge of fuel.

A further object of the invention is to produce a two cycle engine, from which the crank case compression will be entirely eliminated.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a valve casing bolted to the side of the cylinder to cover the inlet and outlet ports, bringing said ports into communication with the interior of said valve cases. In this valve casing are mounted a pair of valves, one controlling the fuel inlet and the other being used as a safety valve to permit the blowing off of the gases should the engine back fire. This safety valve is what is ordinarily known as a pop valve and is held to its seat by a spring, the tension of which is regulated by a screw cap.

With these ends in view, this invention consists in the details of construction and combination of elements hereinafter set forth and then specifically designated by the 1 claims.

In order that those skilled in the art to which this invention appertains may understand how to make and use the same, I will describe its construction in detail, referring by letter to the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1, is a vertical longitudinal section Specification of Letters Patent.

' inlet-outlet port 60.

Patented An. 19,1913,

Serial No. 666,109.

of an explosive engine made in accordance with my improven'ient. Fig. 2, a section at the line 00-a2 of Fig. 1, looking in the direc tion of the arrow. Fig. 3, an enlarged vertical sectional view of the valve casing looklng in the direction opposite to the safety or pop valve; and Fig. 4, a horizontal cross section of the valve casing, showing the construction of the pop valve.

In carrying out my invention as here embodied, I have illustrated a two cycle engine in which 2 represents the cylinder having a water space 3 formed between the inner and outer walls 4 and 5 respectively and provided with a spark plug opening (3 communicating with the interior of the cylinder. The cylinder is also provided with a combined inlet and outlet 7 intermediate its ends and above this at a suitable distance is produced an inlet 8 and between these ports 7 and 8 are a number of auxiliary combined inlets and outlets 9.

In the wall of the cylinder at a point opposite the inlet 8 is formed the exhaust port 10, through which pass the burned gases. In the lower end of the cylinder is produced a flange 11 by which the cylinder is supported upon the crank casing 12, it being held in place by suitable bolts 13 which pass through the flange 11 and also the flange 14; formed at the upper end of the crank casing. On these bolts are threaded the nuts 15 to prevent their withdrawal. With the upper end of the crank casing are formed a pair of oppositely disposed integral lugs 16, through which pass the rods 17 having nuts 18 mounted thereon, upon each side of the lugs. On the upper ends of these rods is mounted a stationary piston 19 provided with piston rings 20. This stationary piston is of less diameter than the interior of the cylinder, so that it may be inclosed in the cylindrical movable piston 21. The walls of said piston snugly fit within the cylinder and surround the stationary piston 19.

The piston 21 is open at both ends, the upper end being provided with a reduced portion or interior flange 22 which is threaded exteriorly at 23 and on which is mounted the piston head 24 having an annular flange 25, provided with a reduced portion or exterior flange 26 which is threaded as at 27,

.which threads engage the threads 23 of the piston, said piston is also provided with an Thls plston head has an integral baffle plate 28 formed therewith which lies adjacent the side walls of the cylinder in which is formed the inlet 8 so that it will intercept the fuel or gas as it enters the piston chamber 29 formed between the cylinder head and the movable piston head, causing said gas to flow upward which will assist in the expulsion of the burned gases.

The cylinder head 24 carries the ordinary piston rings 30. Between the piston head 24 and the piston 19 is produced the fuel chamber 31 into which enters the fuel where it is heated and then forced into the piston chamber. The piston 21 carries at its lower end a boss 32, through which passes the piston pin 33 for connecting one end of the piston rod 34 to the piston, said piston rod lying between the inner end of the. bosses. The opposite end of the piston rod 34 is attached to the crank shaft 35 mounted in the bearings 36 formed with the crank casing. The rods 17 pass through the bosses 32 at right angles to the piston pin 33 so that said bosses form guides or strengthening members for the rods 17, causing the piston 19 to be held constantly concentric with the piston 21.

37 denotes the valve casing having a flange 38 through which pass suitable bolts 39, said bolts being threaded into the walls of a cylinder for holding the valve casing in position over the ports 7, 8 and 9, said ports having communication with the interior of the valve casing. The interior of the valve casing is divided into a chamber 40 and a passage way 41, these being in communication and in reality one the extension of the other.

In one of the walls of the valve casing is formed the fuel inlet 42, the side walls of which being beveled to produce a valve seat 43, on which seats the valve 44 having a stem 45 which passes through the threaded opening 46 in the side wall of the casing opposite the valve seat. The valve 44 is normally held'upon its seat by a helical spring 47 which is coiled about the stem, one end V thereof resting upon the valve and the opposite end resting in a depression 48 in the valve stem cover 49, said valve stem cover having a longitudinal opening 50 for the reception of the stem 45 which is slidably mounted therein, said cover also having a threaded flange 51 by which said cover is mounted and held in place in the threaded opening 46. By threading said cover in or out of the opening 46 the tension of the spring is regulated. At right angles to the valve seat 43 is produced a second valve seat- 52 in one of the side walls of the casing, at which point the casing is provided with an exterior tubular extension 53, producing a chamber 54 for the valve 55 which is of smaller diameter than the chamber 54, producing suflicient clearance between the valve the piston 21 downward.

and the walls of the tubular projection to permit the valve to readily operate. This valve is provided with a stem 56 which passes through a cap 57, said cap being threaded upon the tubular projection. Said cap has a plurality of openings 58 formed therein which acts as outlets for the gases should the engine back fire. The valve 55 is normally held against its seat by the helical spring 59 coiled about the stem 56, one

end of said spring resting against the valve and the opposite end against the cap and said cap acting as a tensioning device for said spring.

The operation of the device is as follows :The valve springs having been regulated to the desired tension, the crank shaft 35 is revolved until a charge has been drawn into the combustion chamber 29 where it will be ignited by suitable ignition means and an explosion caused, which will force lVith the succeeding upward movement of the piston 21 a charge of gas or fuel will be drawn in through the fuel inlet 42, past the valve 44, into the chamber 40, then through the combined inletoutlet into the fuel chamber 31 formed between the piston head 24 and the piston 19. The combined inlets-outlets permitting the mixture to be drawn in the chamber as the piston is drawn upward and out of alinement with the inlet-outlet 7. After the explosion has taken place, the piston 21 will be forced downward, expelling the gas or fuel through the ports 9 and 7, into-the passage way 41 in the valve casing through the inlet 8 into the combustion chamber 29, the bevel plate 28 causing said gases to flow upward within the combustion chamber 29 and clean out the burned gases, expelling them through the exhaust 10. The upward movement of the piston 21 will then compress the gas in the combustion chamber, ready for ignition at the proper moment. If, from any cause, a premature explosion occurs, causing back fire, the gas would be forced into the valve chamber 37, from which place it will be forced past the valve 55 through the openings 58 in the cap 57 to the outside atmosphere, thus overcoming the possibility of the engine bursting and relieving engines of this character of considerable danger. By providing the piston 21 with a removable piston rod 34, the stationary piston 19 may be readily placed in position or removed for repairs. Of course I do not wish to be limited to the exact details of construction as here shown, as these may be varied within the limits of the appended claims.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and useful, is

1. An engine comprising a cylinder having a combined inlet-outlet port, an inlet port above the former, auxiliary combined inlet-outlet ports interposed between the first named ports, and an exhaust opposite the inlet port, a cylindrical piston recipro catingly mounted in the cylinder, said piston having an inlet-outlet port movable in and out of register with the inlet-outlet ports in the cylinder for admitting gas to and shutting oil gas from the interior of said piston, a stationary piston head, means for supporting it within the reciprocating piston at a point below the inlet-outlet opening in the cylinder, and means for providing an exterior passage way between the inlet-outlet ports and the inlet port.

2. An engine comprising a cylinder having a combined inlet-outlet port, an inlet port above the former, auxiliary combined inlet-outlet ports interposed between the first named ports, and an exhaust. opposite the inlet port, a cylindrical piston reciprocatingly mounted in the cylinder, said piston having an inlet-outlet port movable in and out of register with the inlet-outlet ports in the cylinder for admitting gas to and shutting off gas from the interior of said piston, a stationary piston head, means for supporting it within the reciprocating piston at a point below the inlet-outlet opening in the cylinder, a valve casing mounted upon the outside of the cylinder, covering the inlet-outlet ports and the inlet port, producing an exterior passage way between said ports, and an intake valve mounted in said valve casing.

3. An engine comprising a cylinder having a combined inlet-outlet port, an inlet port above the former, auxiliary combined inlet-outlet ports interposed between the first named ports, and an exhaust opposite the inlet port, a cylindrical piston reciprocatingly mounted in the cylinder, said piston having an inlet-outlet. port movable in and out of register with the inlet-outlet ports in the cylinder for admitting gas to and shut-ting ofl gas from the interior of said piston, a stationary piston head, means for supporting it within the reciprocating piston at a point below the inlet-outlet opening in the cylinder, a valve casing divided into a valve chamber and a passage way and having a number of openings therein, two of which are at right angles forming valve seats, said casing being mounted upon the outside of the cylinder producing a passage way between the inlet-outlet ports, and the inlet port of the cylinder, a spring actuated intake valve mounted in the valve casing, and a spring actuated safety valve mounted at right angles to the intake valve, said safety valve permitting the blowing off of the gases should the engine back fire.

4. In an explosive engine, the combination of a crank case provided with bearings and having an exterior flange, a pair of opposite interior lugs formed with said crank case, a cylinder having a flange formed at its lower end supported by the crank case, means passing through the crank case, and cylinder flanges for holding the two together, said cylinder having an inlet-outlet port, an inlet port situated above the inletoutlet port, auxiliary inlet-outlet ports located between said inlet-outlet port and the inlet port and an exhaust port opposite the inlet port, a valve casing mounted upon the outside of the cylinder and forming a communication between the inlet-outlet ports and the inlet port, a spring actuated inlet valve mounted in the valve casing, a pop valve also mounted in the valve casing, a two piece cylindrical piston reciprocatingly mounted in the cylinder, bosses carried by said piston, a piston rod, one end thereof resting between said bosses, a piston pin passing through said'bosses and the piston rod for securing the latter in place, a crank shaft mounted in the bearings formed with the crank case, the opposite end of the piston rod being attached to said crank shaft, a stationary piston mounted within the re ciprocating piston rods passing through the lugs and the bosses for supporting the stationary piston, and nuts mounted upon said rods on each side of the lugs for holding said rods in place.

5. An engine comprising a cylinder, a reciprocating hollow piston having a combined inlet-outlet port, the cylinder having a combined inlet-outlet port with which the inlet-outlet port of the piston moves into and out of register for admitting gas to and shutting off gas from the interior of said piston, said cylinder having an inlet port above the inlet-outlet port for admitting gas to the interior of the cylinder above the piston, said cylinder also having auxiliary combined inlet-outlet ports located between the above named ports and arranged to com municate with the interior of the piston at predetermined times during the movements of the latter, and an exhaust port located opposite the inlet port and a stationary piston supported within the reciprocating piston, the reciprocating piston forming between it and the cylinder head, a combustion chamber and forming between said reciprocating piston and stationary piston, a fuel chamber.

6. An engine comprising a cylinder, a reciprocating hollow piston having a combined inlet-outlet port, the cylinder having a combined inlet-outlet port with which the inletoutlet port of the pison moves into and out of register for admitting gas to and shutting off gas from the interior of said piston, said cylinder having an inlet port above the inlet-outlet port for admitting gas to the interior of the cylinder above the piston, said cylinder also having auxiliary combined inlet-outlet ports located between the above named ports and arranged to communicate" with the interior of the piston at predetermined times during the movements of the latter, and an exhaust port located opposite the inlet port, a stationary piston head fitted within the reciprocating piston and means for supporting said piston head at a point below the inlet-outlet ports formed in the cylinder.

7. An engine comprising a cylinder, a reciprocating hollow piston having a combined inlet-outlet port, the cylinder having a combined inlet-outlet port with which the inlet-outlet port of the piston moves into and out of register for admitting gas to and shutting off gas from the interior of said piston, said cylinder having an inlet port above the inletoutlet port for admitting gas to the interior of the cylinder above the piston, said cylinder also having auxiliary combined inlet-outlet ports located between the above named ports and arranged to coinmunicate with the interior of the piston at predetermined times during the movements of the latter, and an exhaust port located opposite the inlet port, a stationary piston head fitted Within the reciprocating piston, a valve casing secured to the cylinder covering the inlet-outlet ports and the inlet port, said valve casing having a fuel inlet opening formed in one of its walls, said inlet opening having a valve seat formed from the walls thereof, the valve casing having a threaded opening formed opposite the fuel inlet, a threaded valve stem cover having longitudinal opening therein mounted in the threaded opening, an intake valve, a stem carried thereby extending into the opening in the stem cover, a helical spring coiled about the valve stem and engaging the stem cover and the valve for normally holding the valve upon its seat, the tension of said spring being regulated by the movements of the valve cover, the valve casing having a threaded tubular extension producing an outlet, a valve mounted therein, a perforated valve cap threaded upon the extension through which the valve stem passes, and a helical spring coiled about the valve stem and engaging the valve and cap, the tension of said spring being regulated by the movements of the cap.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto affixed my signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HARRY E. NORRIS.

Witnesses:

DORA FULLER, SIMON E. NORRIS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Batents, Washington, D. C. 

